Butyrate-producing bacteria having anti-inflammatory properties such as Clostridium , Roseburia , and Faecalibacterium species, have reduced significantly in T2D patients, while the population of gram-negative bacteria, such as Escherichia, increases high levels of lipopolysaccharides, LPS
Excess ROS can damage all major cellular constituents (DNA, proteins, and lipids) and even lead to cell death, apoptosis, hypertrophy, fibrosis, and contractile dysfunction in the myocardium [8, 11]
234,237 A recent example has shown that incorporating dextran allows reduction of the proteinaceous components of PURE by up to 97.3% while maintaining protein synthesis yields, allowing PURE to be used more effectively
Bottom line: Real partial tachyphylaxis on side effects